What can occur when a casualty is given excessive IV crystalloid fluid?

When a casualty is given excessive IV crystalloid fluid, hemodilution can occur. Hemodilution refers to the dilution of blood components due to an increased volume of plasma from the infused fluids. This results in a decreased concentration of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the bloodstream. Hemodilution can affect the body's ability to transport oxygen efficiently, impair coagulation processes, and impact overall circulation.

In cases where crystalloid fluids are administered excessively, the balance of electrolytes and other solutes in the body is also disrupted. This can lead to complications such as fluid overload, which may strain the heart and lungs, and may cause symptoms like edema or difficulty breathing if not managed carefully. Recognizing and preventing excessive fluid administration is crucial in medical practice to avoid the complications that come with hemodilution.